Trocars are sharp-pointed surgical instruments that are used in laparoscopic surgery to create a port of entry for other surgical instruments, such as graspers and scissors, into the abdominal cavity. Trocars consist of a pointed tip, a cannula (a hollow tube that is inserted into the abdomen), and a sealing mechanism to prevent gas leakage. The size and shape of the trocar vary depending on the surgical procedure being performed.
During laparoscopic surgery, the surgeon makes small incisions in the abdomen, and trocars are inserted through these incisions. The trocars are used to create a working space for the laparoscope (a long, thin instrument with a camera attached to it), which is used to visualize the internal organs. Other surgical instruments can then be inserted through the trocars to perform the necessary surgical procedure.
Trocars are available in various sizes and shapes, depending on the type of laparoscopic surgery being performed. Some of the common types of trocars used in laparoscopy include:
Veress needle: This type of trocar is used to create the initial entry point into the abdomen. It is a thin, sharp needle that is inserted through a small incision and used to create a space for the cannula.
Bladed trocar: This type of trocar has a sharp, bladed tip that can be used to cut through the abdominal wall. It is often used in procedures that require larger cannulas.
Hasson trocar: This type of trocar has a conical shape and a locking mechanism to prevent gas leakage. It is often used in patients who have had previous abdominal surgeries or who are obese.
In summary, trocars are surgical instruments used in laparoscopic surgery to create a port of entry for other surgical instruments into the abdominal cavity. They come in various sizes and shapes and are chosen based on the surgical procedure being performed.
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